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====== Several Excerpted Sentences ====== | ====== Several Excerpted Sentences ====== | ||
+ | *The procedure **boils down to** exploring a pattern via a spanning tree to construct a canonical form of a pattern, a useful construct to establish isomorphism without actually running a computationally intensive test. | ||
+ | *Novelty indices are guided by the notion that creativity is no **creatio ex nihilo**, but rather a cumulative process that manifests in atypical combinations of prior knowledge. | ||
+ | *They were **of the opinion that** the dichotomy of competence-destroying or competence-enhancing technologies lacked nuance. | ||
+ | *The article made waves in and beyond the science system and prompted a public debate surrounding the question of if and why science is **running out of steam** in spite of the massive expansion of the (global) science system in recent decades. | ||
+ | *They became **iconic** examples of the rise of the //Sharing Economy//, a term that **gained traction** following the 2008 global financial crisis. | ||
+ | *We also discuss some of the potential reasons behind the rise of unicorn companies in the **aftermath** of the global financial crisis. | ||
+ | ***Against this backdrop** there is now a growing view that the EU should take action to help promising start-ups to achieve their full potential. | ||
+ | *In a //winner takes all// logic, it is **imperative** for a start-up to grow as quickly as possible to occupy market space before an **incumbent** firm can introduce a competitive product. | ||
+ | *Not **astonishingly**, Europe's first unicorn to turn into a decacorn was Klarna, a Swedish financial service provider, established in 2005. | ||
+ | *Unknowable risk covers unexpected events that describe a deviation from **status quo**. | ||
*Using one's **gut feeling** proved to be a valuable strategy to deal with extreme uncertainty. | *Using one's **gut feeling** proved to be a valuable strategy to deal with extreme uncertainty. | ||
*However, current research on these evolved entrepreneurial species is **nascent** and usually **lumped into** venture capital conversation or media articles. | *However, current research on these evolved entrepreneurial species is **nascent** and usually **lumped into** venture capital conversation or media articles. | ||
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*Methods and processes for delineating topography **go by multiple names** including partitioning, clustering, topic detection, community detection, etc. | *Methods and processes for delineating topography **go by multiple names** including partitioning, clustering, topic detection, community detection, etc. | ||
*By expanding the quadratics, collecting powers of $\mu$ together, and then completing the square, it is straightforward to show that (3.5) has the form of another normal density. | *By expanding the quadratics, collecting powers of $\mu$ together, and then completing the square, it is straightforward to show that (3.5) has the form of another normal density. | ||
- | *Each token with a standard contraction was then separated into a root and a contraction (e.g., don't -- do not). Contractions were then removed since all such suffixes are forms of words found on standard stopword lists or are possessive forms of other words. | + | *Each token with a standard contraction was then separated into a root and a contraction (e.g., don't -- do not). Contractions were then removed since all such suffixes are forms of words found on standard stopword lists or are possessive f |
- | *Results have been mixed, with citation-based approaches performing best in some studies, text-based approaches in others, and hybrids in yet others. There is no particular pattern in the conflicting results, other than that the differences are likely field-specific. | + |